GS TEST 1

1. With reference to the ‘Organic Farming’,

consider the following statements:

1. It improves the soil’s chemical

properties.

2. No synthetic inputs are used, allowing

the food chain to work naturally at the

farm level.

Which of the statements given above is/are

notcorrect?

1. 1 only
2. 2 only
3. Both 1 and 2
4. Neither 1 nor 2

2. ‘Carbon Offset’ refers to which of the

following?

1. Credit earned for reduction in

greenhouse gas emissions in another

location.

1. The release of sequestered carbon

caused by the destruction of coastal

ecosystems.

1. Price levied on fossil fuels based on

their carbon content.

1. The process by which carbon is

removed by photosynthesis and stored

in plants and soil.

3. With reference to the pollutants, consider

the following statements:

1. Primary pollutants are those which

persist in the form in which they

are added to the environment e.g.

Peroxyacetyl nitrate (PAN).

2. Fungicides, Herbicides and DDT are

examples of quantitative pollutants.

Which of the statements given above is/are

not correct?

1. 1 only
2. 2 only
3. Both 1 and 2
4. Neither 1 nor 2

4. With reference to the Ecological succession,

consider the following statements:

1. Secondary succession is slower than

primary succession.

2. A seral community is an intermediate

stage found in an ecosystem advancing

towards its climax community.

Which of the statements given above is/are

correct?

1. 1 only
2. 2 only
3. Both 1 and 2
4. Neither 1 nor 2
5. With reference to the acid rain, consider the

following statements:

1. The acidity of rainwater is caused by

Carbon dioxide (CO2), Nitric oxide

(NO), and Sulphur dioxide (SO2).

2. It leads to loss of important minerals,

such as Calcium ions, from the soil,

killing trees and damaging crops.

Which of the statements given above is/are

correct?

1. 1 only
2. 2 only
3. Both 1 and 2
4. Neither 1 nor 2
5. With reference to the ecological pyramids,

consider the following statements:

1. Aquatic ecosystems can have an

inverted Pyramid of biomass.

2. Pyramid of numbers is inverted for the

pond ecosystem.

Which of the statements given above is/are

not correct?

1. 1 only
2. 2 only
3. Both 1 and 2
4. Neither 1 nor 2

7. With reference to composting, consider the

following statements:

1. It is a natural decay of organic material

by the detritus-eating organisms.

2. Carbon dioxide (CO2) is one of the

major by-products of composting.

3. It requires low moisture content for the

biological breakdown of the waste.

Which of the statements given above is/are

correct?

1. 1 and 2 only
2. 2 and 3 only
3. 3 only
4. 1, 2 and 3
5. Consider the following statements:
6. Heterotrophs have the largest

population in a food chain.

2. Autotrophs synthesize carbohydrate

from simple inorganic raw materials

like carbon dioxide and water in the

presence of sunlight. 3. The by-products

of decomposers such as inorganic

nutrients which are released in the

ecosystem are reused by producers and

thus recycled. Which of the statements

given above is/are correct?

1. 1 and 2 only
2. 2 and 3 only
3. 1 and 3 only
4. 1, 2 and 3
5. Which of the following is/are the direct

greenhouse gases?

1. Nitrogen monoxide
2. Methane
3. Carbon monoxide
4. Sulphur dioxide
5. Carbon dioxide

Which of the statements given above is/are

correct?

1. 1, 2 and 4 only
2. 1, 2 and 4 only
3. 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5
4. 2 and 5 only
5. With reference to the nutrient cycle,

consider the following statements:

1. Nitrogen in the form of nitrates is

synthesized by bacteria and is taken up

by plants.

2. The Sulphur cycle is a completely

sedimentary cycle.

Which of the statements given above is/are

correct?

1. 1 only
2. 2 only
3. Both 1 and 2
4. Neither 1 nor 2
5. Which of the following statements is/are

correct in the context of ‘Organic farming’?

1. It reduces loss of soil nutrients into ater

bodies.

2. Soil quality significantly improves as

organic farming kills all the microbes,

fungi and bacteria present in the soil.

3. It reduces human and animal health

hazards.

Select the correct answer using the code

given below:

1. 1 only
2. 2 only
3. 1 and 3 only
4. 1, 2 and 3

12. Which of the following groups of pollutants

are considered while measuring Air Quality

Index (AQI) in India?

1. Particulate Matter (PM) 10, Nitrous

Oxide, Lead and Carbon monoxide.

1. Ammonia, Methane, Particulate Matter

(PM) 2.5 and Nitrogen dioxide.

1. Sulphur dioxide, Ammonia, Ozone and

Lead.

1. Particulate Matter (PM) 10, Particulate

Matter (PM) 2.5, Carbon dioxide and

Carbon monoxide.

13. Consider the following statements:
14. Biogas formation involves fermentation

of organic matter in aerated conditions.

2. The biggest component of Biogas is

Methane followed by Carbon Dioxide.

Which of the statements given above is/are

correct?

1. 1 only
2. 2 only
3. Both 1 and 2
4. Neither 1 nor 2
5. With reference to the minor forest produce

‘Shellac’, consider the following statements:

1. It is made from cooling and solidifying

Lac.

2. Lac is obtained from certain insects

which live on trees particularly found

in Eastern India.

Which of the statements given above is/are

correct?

1. 1 only
2. 2 only
3. Both 1 and 2
4. Neither 1 nor 2
5. Which of the following can lead to coral

bleaching:

1. Changes in salinity
2. Ocean Acidification
3. Rise in sea level
4. Bacterial Infection

Select the correct answer using the code

given below:

1. 1, 3 and 4 only
2. 2, 3 and 4 only
3. 1, 2 and 3 only
4. 1, 2, 3 and 4
5. Which one of the following statements is

not correct about ocean acidification?

1. It is affected by the carbon cycle.
2. It strengthens coral reef structures due

to deposition of carbonates.

1. It can be neutralized by iron fertilization
2. It may lead to decreased cloud

formation.

17. With reference to stubble burning, consider

the following statements:

1 Rice straw is rich in polysaccharides

and has a high lignin and silica content

2. Burning of wheat residue is more

common due to lower presence

of oxalates that reduces calcium

absorption.

Which of the statements given above is/are

correct?

1. 1 only
2. 2 only
3. Both 1 and 2
4. Neither 1 nor 2
5. With reference to Ecological Succession,

consider the following statements:

1. It is the gradual and fairly predictable

change in the species composition of a

given area.

2. The individual transitional

communities are termed seral stages or

seral communities.

3. The Succession process starts in an

area where no living organisms are

there.

Which of the statements given above is/are

correct?

1. 1 and 2 only
2. 1 only
3. 2 and 3 only
4. 1, 2 and 3

19. With reference to the National Air Quality

Index in India, consider the following

statements:

1. It records eight major pollutants

including Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2) and

Ozone (O3)

2. The worst sub-index reflects overall

AQI

Which of the statements given above is/are

correct?

1. 1 only
2. 2 only
3. Both 1 and 2
4. Neither 1 nor 2

20. With reference to the Soil Organic Carbon

(SOC), consider the following statements:

1. SOC pool has more carbon than

contained in the atmosphere and

terrestrial vegetation combined

2. Sequestering carbon as SOC is seen as

one way to mitigate climate change

3. Soil temperature or water content do

not significantly affect the SOC levels

in soil

Which of the statements given above is/are

correct?

1. 1 and 2 only
2. 1 and 3 only
3. 3 only
4. 1, 2 and 3
5. Which of the following are the abiotic

components of ecosystem?

1. Temperature
2. Decomposers
3. Water
4. Lipids

Select the correct option using code given

below:

1. 1, 2 and 3 only
2. 2 and 3 only
3. 1, 3 and 4 only
4. 1 and 4 only

22. With reference to autotrophs, consider the

following statements:

1. They are the producers of food for all

other organisms of the ecosystem.

2. In autotrophs Net Primary Production

(NPP) is generally more than the Gross

Primary Production (GPP).

Which of the statements given above is/are

correct?

1. 1 only
2. 2 only
3. Both 1 and 2
4. Neither 1 nor 2
5. With reference to Environment Pollution,

consider the following statements:

1. Bioremediation employs the use of

living organisms, like microbes and

bacteria, in the removal of contaminants,

pollutants, and toxins from soil, water,

and other environments.

2. Phytoremediation is use of insects and

birds to remove contaminants from soil

and water.

Which of the statements given above is/are

correct?

1. 1 only
2. 2 only
3. Both 1 and 2
4. Neither 1 nor 2
5. With reference to radioactive pollution,

consider the following statements:

1. Radionuclides in the atmosphere do not

attach to aerosols and fall on ground

thus contaminating it.

2. Beryllium-7 can be used as a tracer as

its production rates in the atmosphere

are relatively constant.

Which of the statements given above is/are

correct?

1. 1 only
2. 2 only
3. Both 1 and 2
4. Neither 1 nor 2
5. With reference to eutrophication, consider

the following statements:

1. It is caused due to loss of nutrients

from estuaries or other water bodies.

2. Harmful algal blooms, dead zones, and

fish kills are the results eutrophication.

3. It also leads to increase in pH of

seawater.

Which of the statements given above is/are

correct?

1. 1 and 2 only
2. 2 only
3. 1 and 3 only
4. 1, 2 and 3
5. The movement of nutrient elements through

the various components of an ecosystem is

known as:

1. Biogeochemical cycle
2. Bio geological cycle
3. Ecological cycle
4. Biological cycle
5. With reference to the Wayanad wildlife

sanctuary, consider the following

statements:

1. The sanctuary is an integral part of

Nilgiri biosphere reserve.

2. The highest peak of Kerala is situated

within the wildlife sanctuary.

3. It is contiguous to the protected area

network of Nagarhole and Bandipur.

Which of the statements given above is/are

correct?

1. 1 only
2. 1 and 3 only
3. 2 and 3 only
4. 1, 2 and 3
5. With reference to Algal Bloom, consider

the following statements:

1. Algal bloom is associated with nutrient

minimization in the lake.

2. Generally, warmer water temperatures

are required for algal bloom.

3. Algal blooms are the result of nitrogen

or phosphorus from fertilizer runoff.

Which of the statements given above is/are

correct?

1. 1and 2 only
2. 3 only
3. 2 and 3 only
4. 1, 2 and 3
5. With reference to Ozone hole, consider the

following statements:

1. Ozone hole refers to a region in the

troposphere where the concentration of

ozone becomes extremely low.

2. Ozone holes are most commonly found

over the Antarctic region because it

experiences strong polar vortex.

Which of the statements given above is/are

correct?

1. 1 only
2. 2 only
3. Both 1 and 2
4. Neither 1 nor 2
5. With reference to the Tundra ecosystem,

consider the following statements:

1. It is a treeless condition found in top of

the mountains.

2. Mountain goats, sheep, marmots are the

few species found in this ecosystem.

3. Tundra lands are covered with snow for

much of the year, but summer brings

bursts of wildflowers.

Which of the statements given above is/are

correct?

1. 1 only
2. 1 and 2 only
3. 2 and 3 only
4. 1, 2 and 3
5. With reference to the layers of atmosphere,

consider the following statements:

1. Tropospheric height is greater at

equator than poles due to higher

gravitational force than poles.

2. Radio waves are reflected by the

Ionosphere.

3. Temperature decreases with height in

the Mesosphere.

Which of the statements given above is/are

correct?

1. 1 and 2 only
2. 2 and 3 only
3. 3 only
4. 1, 2 and 3
5. With reference to pollution, consider the

following statements:

1. Air (Prevention and Control of Air

Pollution) Act, 1981 regards noise as

an air pollutant.

2. The Central Pollution Control Board

was set up under the Water Act, 1974.

3. Additives such as Bisphenol A are

added to reduce leaching of plastics

into the soil.

Which of the statements given above is/are

correct?

1. 1 and 2 only
2. 1 only
3. 2 and 3 only
4. 1, 2 and 3
5. With reference to the Deep Carbon Cycle,

consider the following statements:

1. It is the movement of carbon through

the lower layers of the Stratosphere.

2. It is intimately connected to the

movement of carbon in the Earth’s

surface and atmosphere.

Which of the statements given above is/are

correct?

1. 1 only
2. 2 only
3. Both 1 and 2
4. Neither 1 nor 2
5. With reference to the Biological Oxygen

Demand, consider the following statements:

1. It represents the amount of oxygen

consumed by microorganisms while

they decompose organic matter.

2. Introduction of excess fertilizers to a

water body increases its Biological

Oxygen Demand.

3. It can be used to identify both aerobic

and anaerobic decomposition.

Which of the statements given above is/are

correct?

1. 1 and 2 only
2. 2 only
3. 1 and 3 only
4. 1, 2 and 3
5. Consider the following statements:
6. Kigali Amendment to the Montreal

Protocol deals with HCFC and HFC

reduction.

2. India has agreed to replace HFCs with

Hydro Fluoro Olefins by 2028.

Which of the statements given above is/are

correct?

1. 1 only
2. 2 only
3. Both 1 and 2
4. Neither 1 nor 2
5. Consider the following ecosystem services:
6. Water purification
7. Flood mitigation
8. Aquifer recharge
9. Microclimate regulation

Which of the above ecosystem services are

provided by wetlands?

1. 2 and 3 only
2. 1, 2 and 3 only
3. 1 and 4 only
4. 1, 2, 3 and 4
5. With reference to ethanol and methanol,

consider the following statements

1. Methanol is cheaper than ethanol.
2. Methanol carries more energy per

gallon than ethanol.

3. Methanol as a fuel will generate no

harmful emissions whereas ethanol is

highly polluting.

Which of the statements given above is/are

correct?

1. 1 only
2. 2 and 3 only
3. 1 and 2 only
4. 1, 2 and 3
5. Which of the following statement about

algal bloom are true?

1. Oxygen is depleted from the water by

algal bloom, causing harm to marine

ecosystem.

2. Algal blooms sometimes produces

toxins which harms other living beings.

3. Blooms are a good indicator of

environmental change not only in the

water, but also on land.

Select the correct option from code below:

1. 1 and 2 only
2. 1 and 3 only
3. 2 and 3 only
4. 1, 2 and 3
5. Which of the following defines the

relationship between stratospheric ozone

and solar Ultraviolet radiation measured at

the Earth’s surface?

1. Inverse
2. Direct
3. Linear
4. Not defined
5. Consider the following statement regarding

Rhododendron:

1. It is a flowering plant found in

Himalayas and Nilgiri.

2. It act as prominent biological indicators

of climate change.

Which of the above statement is/are correct?

1. 1 only
2. 2 only
3. Both 1 and 2
4. Nether 1 nor 2
5. With reference to the Green Revolution in

India, consider the following statements:

1. It was largely funded by international

agencies.

2. The Green revolution programmes

were introduced only in areas with

little to no irrigation.

3. It brought in an era of inclusive

development in rural areas.

Which of the statements given above is/are

correct?

1. 1 and 2 only
2. 1 only
3. 3 only
4. 2 and 3 only
5. With reference to the Dearness Allowance,

consider the following statements:

1. It is calculated as a proportion of the

basic salary.

2. The DA is calculated based on the All-

India Consumer Price Index for past 12

months.

3. It is given to current government

employees as well as government

pensioners.

Which of the statements given above is/are

correct?

1. 1 and 2 only
2. 2 and 3 only
3. 1 and 3 only
4. 1, 2 and 3
5. With reference to the National Infrastructure

Pipeline, which of the following areas are

covered under the project?

1. Health
2. Education
3. Ports
4. Railways
5. Food Processing Industries

Select the correct answer using the code

given below:

1. 1, 3 and 4 only
2. 3 and 4 only
3. 1, 2 and 5 only
4. 1,2,3,4 and 5
5. With reference to the Inversion of Yield

Curve, consider the following statements:

1. It represents a situation in which short-

term debt instruments have lower

yields than long-term debt instruments

of the same credit quality.

2. A reason for inversion can be that

investors are selling stocks and shifting

their money to bonds.

Which of the statements given above is/are

correct?

1. 1 only
2. 2 only
3. Both 1 and 2
4. Neither 1 nor 2
5. With reference to the 15th Finance

Commission consider the following

statements:

1. The commission has recommended

performance-based and sector-specific

grants.

2. As per the recommendations, the share

of states in the central taxes for 2021-

26 should be reduced to 41%.

Which of the statements given above is/are

correct?

1. 1 only
2. 2 only
3. Both 1 and 2
4. Neither 1 nor 2
5. Consider the following statements with

reference to Cryptocurrency:

1. It is a digital or virtual currency that is

secured by cryptography, which makes

it nearly impossible to counterfeit or

double-spend.

2. The first block chain-based

Cryptocurrency was Ethereum

Which of the statement given above is/ are

correct?

1. 1 only
2. 2 only
3. Both 1 and 2
4. Neither 1 nor 2
5. With reference to the term Discretionary

fiscal stimulus, recently seen in the news,

consider the following statements:

1. It refers to an increase in the fiscal

deficit caused by slowing growth.

2. It acts as an automatic stabiliser.

Which of the statements given above is/are

correct?

1. 1 only
2. 2 only
3. Both 1 and 2
4. Neither 1 nor 2
5. With reference to Public-Private Partnership

(PPP) Models, consider the following

statements:

1. Under Build, Operate and Transfer

(BOT) annuity, a developer builds a

highway, operates it for a specified

duration and transfers it back to the

government.

2. Under Engineering, Procurement and

Construction (EP(C) Model, the cost is

completely borne by the private player.

3. In financial terminology Hybrid

Annuity Model (HAM) generally

means that the government makes

payment in a fixed amount for a

considerable period and then in a

variable amount in the remaining

period.

Which of the statements given above is/are

correct?

1. 1 and 2 only
2. 3 only
3. 2 and 3 only
4. 1 and 3 only
5. With reference to International Finance

Corporation (IFC), consider the following

statements:

1. IFC offers investment, advisory,

and asset management services to

encourage both public and private

sector development in developing

countries.

2. India is one of the founder members of

the IFC.

3. IFC is a member of the World Bank

Group (WBG).

Which of the statements given above is/are

correct:

1. 1 only
2. 1 and 2 only
3. 3 only
4. 2 and 3 only
5. With reference to Credit Guarantee Scheme

for Sub-ordinate Debt (CGSSD), consider

the following statements:

1. It is a scheme for the distressed MSME

sector.

2. Promoters of the MSMEs will be given

credit equal to 30% of their stake.

3. There will be a moratorium of 7 years

on payment of principal.

Which of the statements given above is/are

correct:

1. 1 and 2 only
2. 1 and 3 only
3. 2 and 3 only
4. 1, 2 and 3
5. Which of the following curves are correctly

matched to their descriptions?

1. Kuznets Curve — Inequality is directly

proportional to economic growth.

2. Phillips Curve — Inverse relation

between inflation and unemployment.

3. Lorenz Curve — Income distribution

within the economy.

4. Laffer Curve — Relates tax rates and

tax revenue.

Select the correct answer using the code

given below:

1. 1 and 3 only
2. 2, 3, and 4 only
3. 1, 2, and 4 only
4. 1, 2, 3 and 4
5. With reference to the ‘Money Supply’,

consider the following statements:

1. When the interest rates are high, the

speculative demand for money is low.

2. Under competitive assets market

conditions, the price of a bond is equal

to its present value.

3. The condition of the Liquidity trap

requires market interest rates below.

Which of the statements given above is/are

correct?

1. 1 and 2 only
2. 2 and 3 only
3. 1 and 3 only
4. 1, 2 and 3
5. With reference to the Cobweb model,

consider the following statements:

1. It is used to explain irregular

fluctuations in prices and quantities

that may appear in some markets, such

as agriculture.

2. For convergent fluctuation, the

elasticity of the demand curve, in

absolute terms, is lower than the

elasticity of the supply curve Which of

the following statements is/are correct?

1. 1 only
2. 2 only
3. Both 1 and 2
4. Neither 1 nor 2
5. It is a pricing strategy in which a firm

charges a high initial price and then

gradually lowers the price to attract more

price-sensitive customers. The pricing

strategy is usually used by a first mover

who faces little to no competition. It is

not a viable long-term pricing strategy,

as competitors eventually launch rival

products and put pricing pressure on the

first company. It is frequently used by

pharmaceutical companies while launching

new medicines.’

Which strategy is described in the passage

above?

1. Premium pricing
2. Penetration pricing
3. Economy pricing
4. Skim pricing
5. With reference to ‘Price Discrimination’,

consider the following statements:

1. It is the practice of charging different

prices for the same good or service.

2. The price component differs due to

differing government subsidies.

Which of the statements given above is/are

correct?

1. 1 only
2. 2 only
3. Both 1 and 2
4. Neither 1 nor 2
5. With reference to the various types of

economic recovery, consider the following

statements:

1. The Z-shaped recovery is the most-

optimistic scenario in which the

economy quickly rises after a crash.

2. In a W-shaped recovery, the economy

quickly recoups lost ground and gets

back to the normal growth trend-line.

Which of the statements given above is/are

correct?

1. 1 only
2. 2 only
3. Both 1 and 2
4. Neither 1 nor 2
5. With reference to operation twist consider

the following statements:

1. It is a type of open market operation

originally came in concept which

Federal Open Market Committee

(FOMC) sought to stimulate inflows of

cash into the economy.

2. The operation describes a form of

monetary policy where the Fed buys

and sells short-term and long-term

bonds depending on their objective.

3. It is a qualitative tool or regulator

of monetary policy which does not

impacts the balance sheet of central

bank in any form. Which of the

statements given above is/are correct?

1. 1 only
2. 1 and 2 only
3. 2 and 3 only
4. 3 only
5. With reference to the ‘Cost Inflation Index

(CII), consider the following statements:

1. CII number is used to compute the

inflation-adjusted purchase cost of an

asset.

2. It is used to compute inflation-adjusted

short-term capital gains.

3. Central Government specifies the cost

Inflation Index by notifying in the

official gazette.

Which of the statements given above is/are

correct?

1. 1 only
2. 2 only
3. 1 and 3 only
4. 1, 2 and 3
5. With reference to ‘Exchange-traded funds

(ETFs), consider the following statements:

1. They are listed and traded on exchanges

like stocks.

2. ETFs do not offer intraday purchases

and sales on the Exchange.

Which of the statements given above is/are

correct?

1. 1 only
2. 2 only
3. Both 1 and 2
4. Neither 1 nor 2
5. Which of the following measures could

be a stabilizing factor against a predicted

recession?

1. Levying proportional income tax on

citizens.

2. Welfare transfers by the government to

citizens.

3. Corporations maintain their dividends

despite changes in income.

4. Households adapting to lower living

standards.

Select the correct answer with the code

given below:

1. 1 and 4 only
2. 2 and 3 , only
3. 1, 2, and 3 only
4. 1, 2, 3 and 4
5. What does ‘Lewisian transformation’ a term

often used in the context of developing

economies refer to?

1. Labour shifting from the agricultural

sector to other sectors like

manufacturing and service.

1. More workers taking up entrepreneurial

jobs rather than getting employed.

1. The proportion of income on food

declines as the society grows.

1. Increased capital formation in a country

despite low savings rate.

62. Which of the following conditions can

be said to be conducive to the Low-Level

Equilibrium Trap?

1. A high correlation between the level

of per-capita income and the rate of

population growth

2. Scarcity of uncultivated arable land
3. Inefficient production methods”

Select the correct answer using the code

given below.

1. 1 and 3 only
2. 1, 2 and 3
3. 1 and 2 only
4. 2 and 3 only
5. Concerning Initial Coin Offerings (ICO),

consider the following statements:

1. An Initial Coin Offering (ICO) is

the cryptocurrency space’s rough

equivalent to an IPO in the mainstream

investment world 2. ICOs are regulated

by SEBI in India.

Which of the statements given above is/are

correct?

1. 1 only
2. 2 only
3. Both 1 and 2
4. Neither 1 nor 2
5. With reference to Marginal Revenue

Product, consider the following statements:

1. It is the marginal revenue created due

to an addition of one unit of resource.

2. It is used to make critical decisions

on business products such as

understanding wage rates in the market.

Which of the statements given above is/are

correct?

1. 1 only
2. 2 only
3. Both 1 and 2
4. Neither 1 nor 2
5. With reference to the term ‘Ricardian

Equivalence Proposition’, which of the

following statements is not correct?

1. People save less in cases of high

budgetary deficit

1. Taxation and borrowing are equivalent

means of financing expenditure.

1. Consumers spend based not only upon

their present income but also their

future income.

66. With reference to the term ‘Macaulay

duration’, which of the following statement

is correct?

1. It is the average number of years of

schooling within the decade

1. The time at which the final coupon

and the face value of debt security are

repaid to the investor.

1. It is a measure of the time taken to

recover the initial investment in present

value terms of a bond

1. It is the time interval at which the

coupon rate of a bond is reset.

67. With reference to the ‘Paradox of Thrift’

theory, consider the following statements:

1. It postulates a direct correlation

between savings and economic growth

during a recession.

2. The theory was popularized by John

Maynard Keynes.

Which of the statements given above is/are

correct?

1. 1 only
2. 2 only
3. Both 1 and 2
4. Neither 1 nor 2
5. With reference to the market borrowings,

consider the following statements:

1. Market borrowing of states has

been continuously and consistently

increasing since 2014-15.

2. Market borrowing of the center has

been continuously and consistently

decreasing since 2014-15.

Which of the statements given above is/are

correct?

1. 1 only
2. 2 only
3. Both 1 and 2
4. Neither 1 nor 2
5. With reference to National Strategy for

Financial Education 2020-2025 (NSFE),

consider the following statements:

1. The Ministry of Finance has released

a national strategy for financial

education to be implemented in the

next five years.

2. It wants to improve usage of digital

financial services in a safe and secure

manner.

3. NFSE has been prepared by the

National Centre for Financial

Education (NCFE).

Which of the statements given above is/are

correct?

1. 1 and 2 only
2. 1, 2 and 3
3. 1 and 2 only
4. 2 and 3 only
5. The terms “Additional Surveillance

Measures (ASM)” and “Graded Surveillance

Measure (GSM)”had been in news recently.

They are concerned with the working of

which organization

1. Reserve Bank of India
2. Securities and Exchange Board of India
3. Central Vigilance Commission
4. Intelligence Bureau
5. Which of the following are the likely

effects of contractionary fiscal policies in

developing countries like India?

1. Increase in inflation rate
2. Decrease in the employment rate
3. Decrease in Fiscal Deficit
4. Slowdown in economic activities

Select the correct answer using the code

given below:

1. 1 and 4 only
2. 2 and 3 only
3. 2, 3, and 4 only
4. 1, 2, 3 and 4
5. With reference to the ‘Recapitalization

Bonds’ (RCBs), consider the following

statements:

1. The fund from the issue of bonds will

be used to subscribe to shares of Public

Sector Banks.

2. These will be treated as additional

government equity or capital.

3. Their infusion will help Public Sector

Banks meet capital norms under Basel

III.

Which of the statements given above is/are

correct?

1. 1 only
2. 1 and 2 only
3. 2 and 3 only
4. 1, 2 and 3
5. With reference to ‘Mutual Funds’, consider

the following statements.

1. Mutual fund is a mechanism for pooling

money by issuing units to the investors

and investing funds in securities.

2. RBI formulates policies and regulates

Mutual Funds to protect the interest of

the investor.

3. Mutual Funds are both an investment

and an actual company.

Which of the statements given above is/are

correct?

1. 1 only
2. 1 and 2 only
3. 1 and 3 only
4. 1, 2 and 3
5. Consider the following statements regarding

‘Tobin Tax’:

1. It discourages heavy, short-term capital

inflows.

2. The tax can be evaded easily through

modern financial instruments like

derivatives.

3. It reduces liquidity in the markets.

Which of the statements given above is/are

correct?

1. 1 and 2 only
2. 2 only
3. 1 and 3 only
4. 1, 2 and 3
5. With reference to the opportunity

cost of a decision ‘X’, consider the

following statements:

1. The opportunity cost of ‘X’ is only the

next-best alternative foregone and not

any other alternative.

2. Opportunity cost of ‘X’ is different for

each individual and nation”

Which of the statements given above is/are

correct?

1. 1 only
2. 2 only
3. Both 1 and 2
4. Neither 1 nor 2
5. Which of the following can be considered

as the reasons as to why countries around

the world are more inclined towards signing

‘Free Trade Agreements’ (FTA)?

1. By eliminating tariffs and some non-

tariff barriers FTA partners get easier

market access into one another’s

markets.

2. It results in an increased possibility of

foreign investment from outside the

FTA.

3. Exporters generally prefer FTAs to

multilateral trade liberalization.

Select the correct answer using the code

given below:

1. 1 only
2. 1 and 2 only
3. 2 and 3 only
4. 1, 2 and 3
5. Consider the following statements with

respect to ‘Special Economic Zones (SEZs):

1. They are deemed to be foreign

territories for the purposes of trade

operations and duties and tariffs.

2. They can be set up for the manufacturing

of both goods and services.

3. Goods going into the SEZ area from

the Domestic Tariff Area shall be

treated as exports.

Which of the statements given above is/are

correct?

1. 1 and 2 only
2. 1 and 3 only
3. 2 and 3 only
4. 1, 2 and 3
5. Consider the following statements with

reference to ‘Revenue Neutral Rate (RNR)

in Goods and Services Regime:

1. It refers to that single rate, which

preserves revenue at desired (current)

levels.

2. It also refers to the standard rate in a

GST regime which is applied to all

goods and services whose taxation is

not explicitly specified. Which of the

statements given above is/are correct?

1. 1 only
2. 2 only
3. Both 1 and 2
4. Neither 1 nor 2
5. Which of the following statements related

to the ‘Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Antyodaya

Yojana’ (DDUAY) is/are correct?

1. It aims at providing food grains at an

affordable price to the BPL families in

the rural areas only.

2. It aims at providing training centres

for skill development and permanent

shelters for homeless people.

3. It aims at providing subsidized bank

loans to the poor for setting up micro-

enterprises.

Select the correct answer using the code

given below:

1. 1 and 2 only
2. 2 and 3 only
3. 3 only
4. 1, 2 and 3
5. With reference to SIDBI consider the

following statements:

1. It is a subsidiary of IDBI and operates

under the ministry of commerce and

industry.

2. It operates udaymimitra.in which

provide loans to SMEs and small

entrepreneur via schemes like

MUDRA, stand up India. Which of the

statements given above is/are correct?

1. 1 only
2. 2 only
3. Both 1 and 2
4. Neither 1 nor 2
5. With reference to Defence Research and

Development Organisation (DRDO),

consider the following statements:

1. Defence Research & Development

Organisation (DRDO) is an agency

under the Ministry of Defence.

2. In March 2019, DRDO developed

India’s first anti-satellite system

that made India one of the space

superpowers. 3. Recently, Indian Air

Force and DRDO has tested country’s

first indigenously developed surface to

air missiles called Project Indigo.

Which of the statements given above is/are

correct?

1. 1 and 2 only
2. 2 and 3 only
3. 1 and 3 only
4. 1, 2 and 3
5. With reference to Public Affairs Index (PAI

2021), consider the following statements:

1. The PAI study is an annual assessment

of the adequacy and quality of

governance in states.

2. Public Affair Centre releases the Public

Affair Index.

3. In PAI 2021 Tamil Nadu retained its

first position.

Which of the statements given above is/are

correct?

1. 2 and 3 only
2. 1 and 2 only
3. 1 and 3 only
4. 1, 2 and 3
5. With reference to National Formulary

of India (NFI), consider the following

statements:

1. Formulary is a manual containing

clinically oriented summaries of

pharmacological information about

selected drugs. 2. Recently, Union

Minister for Health and Family

Welfare launched the fifth Edition of

National Formulary of India (NFI).

3. NFI has been published by Indian

Pharmacopoeia Commission (IPC).

Which of the statements given above is/are

correct?

1. 1 and 2 only
2. 2 and 3 only
3. 1 and 3 only
4. 1, 2 and 3
5. With reference to Salmonella Infection,

consider the following statements:

1. It is a bacterial disease.
2. The infection affects the lungs.
3. The illness, salmonellosis, usually lasts

four to seven days and most people

recover without treatment.

Which of the statements given above is/are

correct?

1. 1 and 2 only
2. 1 and 3 only
3. 2 and 3 only
4. 1, 2 and 3
5. With reference to WMO’s State of Climate

in Asia, 2020, consider the following

statements:

1. The State of the Climate in Asia 2020

includes an overview of land and ocean

temperatures.

2. Year 2020 has been recorded as the

second warmest year after 1981-2010

average.

3. Global average sea level has risen at a

rate of 3.3 mm per year since the early

1990s.

Which of the statements given above is/are

correct?

1. 1, 2 and 3
2. 1 and 2 only
3. 2 and 3 only
4. 1 and 3 only
5. With reference to Beti Bachao Beti Padhao

(BBBP) Scheme, consider the following

statements:

1. The scheme was launched after the

national census results for 2011.

2. BBBP Scheme is run jointly by

the Ministry of Women & Child

Development (MoWCD) and Ministry

of Human Resources Development

(MoHRD). 3. The scheme aims to

educate citizens against gender bias

and improve efficacy of welfare

services for girls.

Which of the statements given above is/are

not correct?

1. 1 only
2. 2 only
3. 1 and 2 only
4. 1, 2 and 3
5. With reference to National Centre for Polar

and Ocean Research, consider the following

statements:

1. It is an autonomous Research and

Development Institution of the

Ministry of Earth Sciences.

2. NCPOR has the Governing Council

comprising 12 members.

3. NCPOR is located in India’s most

seafaring state of Goa.

Which of the statements given above is/are

correct?

1. 1 and 2 only
2. 2 and 3 only
3. 1 and 3 only
4. 1, 2 and 3
5. With reference to The Shyama Prasad

Mukherji Rurban Mission (SPMRM),

consider the following statements:

1. SPMRM was announced in the Union

Budget of 2019-20.

2. It is a Centrally Sponsored Scheme

undertaken by the Union Ministry of

Rural Development (MoRD).

Which of the statements given above is/are

not correct?

1. 1 only
2. 2 only
3. Both 1 and 2
4. Neither 1 nor 2
5. With reference to International

Telecommunication Union (ITU), consider

the following statements:

1. ITU is the part of the United Nations.
2. ITU is made up of 193 member

countries.

3. Department of Telecommunications

(DoT), GoI and ITU conducted India-

ITU Joint Cyberdrill 2021.

Which of the statements given above is/are

correct?

1. 1 and 3 only
2. 1 and 2 only
3. 2 and 3 only
4. 1, 2 and 3
5. With reference to Mission Indhradhanush,

consider the following statements:

1. Mission Indradhanush (MI) was

launched by the Ministry of Health and

Family Welfare (MOHFW) on 25th

December 2014.

2. Beneficiaries from migration areas and

hard to reach areas are targeted under

this mission.

3. Two rounds of Intensified Mission

Indradhanush (IMI) 3.0 of 15 days’

duration were conducted recently.

Which of the statements given above is/are

correct?

1. 1 and 3 only
2. 3 only
3. 2 only
4. 1, 2 and 3
5. With reference to Taiwan, consider the

following statements:

1. The island shares maritime borders

with the People’s Republic of China,

Japan, and the Philippines.

2. Prior to the 1600s, Tiwan was a colony

of the Netherlands for about 40 years.

3. Taiwan’s climate is subtropical, except

for the very southern part of the island.

4. The Tropic of Cancer crosses through

Taiwan.

Which of the statements given above is/are

correct?

1. 1 and 3 only
2. 1, 2 and 3 only
3. 1, 3 and 4 only
4. 2, 3 and 4 only
5. With reference to UNCLOS (United

Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea),

consider the following statements:

1. It is an international treaty that was

adopted and signed in 1982.

2. It is the only international convention

which stipulates a framework for state

jurisdiction in maritime spaces

3. UNCLOS has divided marine areas

into five main zones.

Which of the statements given above is/are

correct?

1. 1, 2 and 3
2. 1 and 3 only
3. 1 and 2 only
4. 1, 2 and 3
5. With reference to International Financial

Services Centres (IFSC), consider the

following statements:

1. IFSC deals with flows of finance,

financial products and services across

borders.

2. The SEZ Act 2005 allows setting up

an IFSC in an SEZ or as an SEZ after

approval from the central government.

3. Offshore Financial Centers (OFCs)

are centres that genuinely serve

clients from all over the world in the

provision of the widest possible array

of international financial services (IFS)

Which of the statements given above is/are

correct?

1. 1 and 2 only
2. 2 and 3 only
3. 1 and 3 only
4. 1, 2 and 3
5. With reference to World Gold Council

(WGC), consider the following statements:

1. The World Gold Council is the market

development organisation for the gold

industry.

2. The WGC includes 66 members

and many members are gold mining

companies.

3. As per a report by the WGC, imports

made up 86% of India’s gold supply

between 2016-2020, and inbound

shipments continue to grow despite

high import duty.

Which of the statements given above is/are

correct?

1. 1 and 2 only
2. 2 and 3 only
3. 1 and 3 only
4. 1, 2 and 3
5. With reference to the GI tagging consider

the following statements:

1. The maximum protected GIs in force is

in China.

2. The GIs in India are protected through

international agreements.

3. Darjeeling tea was the first Indian

product that was awarded the GI tag.

Which of the statements given above is/are

correct?

1. 1 and 3 only
2. 2 only
3. 3 only
4. 1, 2 and 3
5. With reference to the Health System

in Meghalaya, consider the following

statements:

1. Recently, the Government of India,

the Government of Meghalaya and

the World Bank signed a USD 40

million health project for the State of

Meghalaya.

2. The project will invest in infection

prevention and control for a more

resilient response to future outbreaks,

pandemics, and health emergencies.

3. The project will move towards a

performance-based financing system.

Which of the statements given above is/are

correct?

1. 1 and 2 only
2. 2 and 3 only
3. 1 and 3 only
4. 1, 2 and 3
5. With reference to Guru Ghasidas National

Park, consider the following statements:

1. Recently, the National Tiger

Conservation Authority (NTCA)

approved the combined areas of the

Guru Ghasidas National Park and

Tamor Pingla

2. It is the fourth Tiger Reserve in

Chhattisgarh.

3. Guru Ghasidas National Park was

the last known habitat of the Asiatic

cheetah in the country.

4. The park acts as a corridor for the tigers

to move between the Bandhavgarh and

Palamau Tiger Reserves.

Which of the statements given above is/are

correct?

1. 2, 3 and 4 only
2. 2 and 3 only
3. 1, 2 and 3 only
4. 1, 2, 3 and 4
5. With reference to Jal Jeevan Mission (JJM),

consider the following statements:

1. The JJM aims to ensure access to piped

water for every household in India by

2024.

2. Goa has ensured 100% household tap

connection in rural areas under this

mission.

3. The Central Government provides

100% fund for the Himalayan and

North-Eastern States.

Which of the statements given above is/are

correct?

1. 1 and 3 only
2. 2 and 3 only
3. 1 and 2 only
4. 1, 2 and 3
5. With reference to Martand Sun temple,

consider the following statements:

1. The temple is situated in Kashmir.
2. The temple was built by the Karkota

rulers.

3. The temple was destroyed after the

invasion of Sultan Sikandar.

Which of the statements given above is/are

correct?

1. 1 and 3 only
2. 2 and 3 only
3. 1 and 2 only
4. 1, 2 and 3
5. With reference to Foreign Interference

(Countermeasures) Act, consider the

following statements:

1. The Foreign Interference

(Countermeasures) Act gives powers

to the government to deal against

foreign interference through electronic

communications.

2. The Minister of Home Affairs will have

the power to ask internet intermediaries

to block content, restrict accounts,

cease the communication of accounts,

and disable accounts.

3. Recently, Switzerland has enacted this

act.

Which of the statements given above is/are

correct?

1. 1 and 2 only
2. 2 and 3 only
3. 1 and 3 only
4. 1, 2 and 3